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Artificial Intelligence for Health in the WHO European Region

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Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming how health systems are designed, delivered, and governed across the WHO European Region. As AI continues to evolve, it is increasingly shaping the way countries plan health services, manage data, and make strategic decisions. In recognition of this shift, the 2024–2025 Survey on Artificial Intelligence for Health Care provides the first region-wide assessment of where Member States stand in terms of policies, regulations, strategies, data governance, adoption, and workforce preparedness for AI in health.

This dataset builds directly on the findings of that survey, offering a comprehensive, data-driven overview of the AI for health landscape across 50 Member States.

The dataset is structured around seven key thematic areas that capture the essential dimensions of AI readiness and implementation:

·  Strategic Context: reviews national AI strategies, policies, action plans or equivalent documents, as well as their oversight and implementation mechanisms.

· Regulatory Context: presents in detail the legislative measures taken to govern AI for health care, including ethical guidelines, risk management approaches, legal liability standards, and the roles of regulatory agencies responsible for approving or adopting AI systems.

· Health Data Governance: examines national health data strategies and governance frameworks, including the establishment of health data authorities, the use of health data hubs (centralized or shared repositories/platforms), and the regulation of secondary use of health data.

·   AI Applications for Health: focuses on the common applications and use cases of AI in healthcare.

·  AI Opportunities for Health: Explores the perceived opportunities driving the development, testing, or deployment of AI in health systems.

·  AI Adoption Barriers: highlights the key challenges and barriers to the widespread adoption of AI in the health sector, such as infrastructure gaps, limited financing, workforce constraints, and issues of trust or interoperability.

· AI Capacity Building: provides an overview of how Member States are preparing an AI-ready workforce in healthcare, including pre- and in-service training initiatives, as well as the creation of new AI and data science roles within the health sector.

 Together, these seven areas encompass 75 indicators, offering a detailed and comparable picture of AI maturity across the Region. The dataset serves as both a baseline and a benchmarking tool, enabling policymakers, researchers, and partners to assess how Member States are advancing toward the ethical, secure, and sustainable deployment of AI in health care.

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